Archiviste : l’arrivée sur le Web d’un métier « culture pop’ »

Archiviste, l’arrivée sur le Web d’un métier « culture pop’ ». À l’heure où les services d’archives sont de plus en plus présents sur Internet, se pose la question de l’utilisation des nouveaux outils à leur disposition. En effet, les archivistes trouvent parfois que leur métier est mal connu et s’en désolent. Depuis longtemps déjà, nous lisons les articles dans lesquels les archivistes se plaignent d’un certain mépris à leur égard. Pourtant, Internet et les réseaux sociaux sont l’occasion pour chacun d’entre nous, s’ils sont bien utilisés, de contribuer à sortir nos archives de l’ombre et de faire partager notre passion pour la profession que nous avons choisie. Une bonne maîtrise des codes de langage et des techniques de communication sur ces réseaux contribue sans coût excessif à une valorisation auprès d’un large public que les services d’archives ne touchent pas forcément par des méthodes classiques. Les Archives municipales de Beaune ont pu expérimenter plusieurs types de réseaux sociaux et de communication sur Internet grâce à un fort soutien de la collectivité et une implication collective des agents du service. L’arrivée d’archivistes, pétris d’une culture populaire désormais ancrée dans les moeurs, offre de nouvelles opportunités pour inscrire les archives dans un monde contemporain en alliant rigueur scientifique et modernité.Dollinger Sonia. Archiviste : l’arrivée sur le Web d’un métier « culture pop’ ». In: La Gazette des archives, n°251, 2018-3. L'archiviste-caméléon, médiateur du quotidien. pp. 167-179

« Hennin, archives et micro ». Les archives des sœurs hospitalières de Beaune, de la collecte à la valorisation

For a public archive service, the collection of a private archival collection is always a delicate question. It is based on an exchange with the donor of the collection who, in handing over the archives to an institution, manifests his or her confidence in that institution for the proper management of the documents. What then is the relationship between the two parties? The example here of the archives of the Beaune ‘soeurs hospitalières’, the nursing sisters, is characteristic of the importance of the relationship between the donor and the receiving institution and raises questions about the archivist’s profession. What is the point in recovering a private archive collection? Beyond the normal tasks of saving part of the history of a commune by ordering and taking material care of the documents, it is also necessary to interpret them and make them available to as many people as possible, to diffuse information about a collection of papers of historical significance that goes beyond the scale of the small town of Beaune. Several possibilities are available to the archivist: communicating the documents to researchers in the archive reading room, organising film projections, putting the papers on line... The archivist can also play a part in making the collection even richer, for example by recording the oral memories of the nursing sisters still present at Beaune. In this way, the archivist is not only a transmitter of information, he or she is also a promoter of the information, making it visible to the general public

Machine Learning-Augmented Propensity Score-Adjusted Multilevel Mixed Effects Panel Analysis of Hands-On Cooking and Nutrition Education versus Traditional Curriculum for Medical Students as Preventive Cardiology: Multisite Cohort Study of 3,248 Trainees over 5 Years

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) annually claims more lives and costs more dollars than any other disease globally amid widening health disparities, despite the known significant reductions in this burden by low cost dietary changes. The world’s first medical school-based teaching kitchen therefore launched CHOP-Medical Students as the largest known multisite cohort study of hands-on cooking and nutrition education versus traditional curriculum for medical students. Methods. This analysis provides a novel integration of artificial intelligence-based machine learning (ML) with causal inference statistics. 43 ML automated algorithms were tested, with the top performer compared to triply robust propensity score-adjusted multilevel mixed effects regression panel analysis of longitudinal data. Inverse-variance weighted fixed effects meta-analysis pooled the individual estimates for competencies. Results. 3,248 unique medical trainees met study criteria from 20 medical schools nationally from August 1, 2012, to June 26, 2017, generating 4,026 completed validated surveys. ML analysis produced similar results to the causal inference statistics based on root mean squared error and accuracy. Hands-on cooking and nutrition education compared to traditional medical school curriculum significantly improved student competencies (OR 2.14, 95% CI 2.00–2.28, p<0.001) and MedDiet adherence (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.07–1.84, p=0.015), while reducing trainees’ soft drink consumption (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.85, p=0.007). Overall improved competencies were demonstrated from the initial study site through the scale-up of the intervention to 10 sites nationally (p<0.001). Discussion. This study provides the first machine learning-augmented causal inference analysis of a multisite cohort showing hands-on cooking and nutrition education for medical trainees improves their competencies counseling patients on nutrition, while improving students’ own diets. This study suggests that the public health and medical sectors can unite population health management and precision medicine for a sustainable model of next-generation health systems providing effective, equitable, accessible care beginning with reversing the CVD epidemic